A qualitative case study of body image in women with breast cancer participating in an exercise program

Abstract

Purpose To analyze the body image perceptions of female breast cancer patients who took part in a physical exercise (PE) program. Methods Four discussion groups were held with 40 breast cancer patients participating in an exercise program. Hierarchical content analysis identified three central themes: (a) consequences of cancer, (b) coping, and (c) consequences of exercise. Results Regarding cancer consequences, narratives linked to the others’ perception and body stigma prevailed. Participants used mutual support and empowerment as their main coping strategies. The PE program was perceived as a promoter of physical (functional and aesthetic) and psychological benefits. Conclusions The participation of female breast cancer patients in PE programs contributes to greater physical, psychological, and social well-being. The analyzed PE program contributed, in general, to an improvement in body image with special emphasis on body function and in cognitive and affective dimensions. Implications for cancer survivors. PE programs can be a valuable intervention for breast cancer survivors, enhancing body image, quality of life, and emotional resilience during recovery.